Common Mental Disorder

用例として以下がある。

*****
Poverty and common mental disorders in developing countries.
Patel V, Kleinman A.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, India.

A review of English-language journals published since 1990 and three global mental health reports identified 11 community studies on the association between poverty and common mental disorders in six low- and middle-income countries. Most studies showed an association between indicators of poverty and the risk of mental disorders, the most consistent association being with low levels of education. A review of articles exploring the mechanism of the relationship suggested weak evidence to support a specific association with income levels. Factors such as the experience of insecurity and hopelessness, rapid social change and the risks of violence and physical ill-health may explain the greater vulnerability of the poor to common mental disorders. The direct and indirect costs of mental ill-health worsen the economic condition, setting up a vicious cycle of poverty and mental disorder. Common mental disorders need to be placed alongside other diseases associated with poverty by policy-makers and donors. Programmes such as investment in education and provision of microcredit may have unanticipated benefits in reducing the risk of mental disorders. Secondary prevention must focus on strengthening the ability of primary care services to provide effective treatment.

*****
次の用例では説明を加えている。

Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapies for common mental disorders

Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapies have been subjected to randomised controlled trials for a range of common mental disorders, including anxiety disorders, depression, stress-related physical conditions, certain behaviour disorders and interpersonal or personality problems mixed with symptom disorders. Previous meta-analyses have yielded conflicting results. This review included all RCTs of STPP for common mental disorders, and found modest treatment benefits that were generally maintained in medium and long term follow-up. However, variability in study design means that our conclusions are tentative, and need confirmation with further research.

common mental disorders　について
including anxiety disorders, depression, stress-related physical conditions, certain behaviour disorders and interpersonal or personality problems mixed with symptom disorders
と説明がある

interpersonal　は哲学用語とてして間主観性だがここでは
interpersonal　problems　で、要するに対人関係の問題という意味だろう

symptom disorders は
symptom disorders and personality disorders というように対比して用いられる。

この書き方だと
不安性障害、うつ病、ストレス関連疾患、他人からみても明らかに問題のある行為障害・対人関係問題・性格問題
を指しているようで、要するに妄想関係は含んでいないらしい。

*****
しかしCommon Mental Disorderの語を用いるとき、
統合失調症や認知症の最初期を含み、広く気分障害、不安性障害、性格障害、発達障害までを含むようで、
要するに、軽度ではあるが、何に発展するか分からないような精神の不調を指すようである。発展せずに頓座して終わるものも多いはずで、そのあたりを含めて観察している言葉である。